Operant Conditioning

Operant Conditioning is the term used by B.F. Skinner to describe the effects of the consequences of a particular behavior on the future occurrence of that behavior. Changes in behavior are the result of an individual's response to events (stimuli) that occur in the environment. When a particular Stimulus-Response (S-R) pattern is reinforced (rewarded), the individual is conditioned to respond. There are four types of operant conditioning: Positive and Negative Punishment, and Positive and Negative Reinforcment.



Positive Reinforcement: a particular behavior is strengthened by the consequence of experiencing a positive condition.

Negative Reinforcement: a particular behavior is strengthened by the consequence of stopping or avoiding a negative condition.

Negative Punishment: Something Good can end or be taken away, so behavior decreases

Positive Punishment: Something Bad can start or be presented, so behavior decreases



http://www.mcli.dist.maricopa.edu/proj/nru/opcond.html


http://tip.psychology.org/skinner.html


http://www.wagntrain.com/OC/#Operant